More than five years after U.S. governors began a bipartisan effort to
set new standards in American schools, the Common Core initiative has
morphed into a political tempest fueling division among Republicans.
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce leads establishment voices — such as
possible presidential contender Jeb Bush — who hail the standards as a
way to improve student performance and, over the long term,
competitiveness of American workers.
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Ted Cruz and Rand Paul |
Many archconservatives — tea party heroes Rand Paul and Ted Cruz among
them — decry the system as a top-down takeover of local schools. The
standards were developed and are being implemented by states, though
Common Core opponents argue that President Barack Obama's administration
has encouraged adoption of the standards by various parameters it set
for states applying to get lucrative federal education grants.
Tea party-aligned officials and candidates want to delay the standards
or abandon them altogether in at least a dozen of the 45 states that
adopted some part of the guidelines. Indiana lawmakers approved a repeal
that now awaits a decision from Gov. Mike Pence.
"Common Core is like Obamacare: They passed it before they knew what was
in it," said William Evers, a Hoover Institute research fellow and lead
author of a California Republican Party resolution denouncing Common
Core.
To a lesser extent, Democrats must deal with some teachers — their
unions hold strong influence within the party — who are upset about
implementation details. But it's the internal GOP debate that's on
display in statehouses, across 2014 campaigns and among 2016
presidential contenders.
The flap continues as students in 36 states and the District of Columbia
begin this week taking field tests of new assessments based on the
standards, although the real tests won't be given for another year.
Paul, a Republican senator from Kentucky, has joined seven colleagues,
including Texas' Cruz, to sponsor a measure that would bar federal
financing of any Common Core component. Florida Sen. Marco Rubio isn't
among the eight, but he had already come out against the standards. So
has Rick Santorum, a 2012 presidential candidate mulling another run.
On the other end of the spectrum is Bush, the former Florida governor
and Rubio's mentor. "This is a real-world, grown-up approach to a real
crisis that we have, and it's been mired in politics," Bush said last
week in Tennessee, where he joined Republican Gov. Bill Haslam at an
event to promote Common Core.
Haslam, who is running for re-election this year, is trying to beat back
a repeal effort in the Tennessee legislature. "These are simply
guidelines that say a fourth grader should be learning the same things"
regardless of where the student lives, the governor said recently.
"Historically, we haven't been good at setting high standards."
The National Governors Association and state education superintendents
developed Common Core. Among other things, the framework recommends when
students should master certain skills. For example, by the end of fifth
grade, a math student should be able to graph and solve complex
problems by plotting points on x and y axes. A high school sophomore
should be able to analyze text or make written arguments using valid
logical reasoning and sufficient evidence.
The issue presents a delicate balancing act for some governors. Bobby
Jindal's Louisiana and Scott Walker's Wisconsin initially adopted the
new standards. Now both men — possible presidential candidates — must
watch as GOP lawmakers in their states push anti-Common Core bills.
Jindal, who was an NGA member during Common Core's development, told the
Baton Rouge Press Club earlier this year that he's "absolutely for
rigorous standards" but "absolutely against any kind of federal
takeover." Before Wisconsin lawmakers convened, Walker announced support
for rethinking Common Core. In both states, however, the anti-Common
Core legislation appears stalled, as neither governor has made repeal a
priority.
Establishment Republicans in Georgia, meanwhile, derailed a repeal
effort in favor of a "study commission" empowered only to make
recommendations. Alabama GOP leaders have held off a repeal measure, as
well.
Immediate political consequences of the disputes aren't clear. GOP
officials and strategists say any fallout for them is dwarfed by
Democrats' struggle with Obama's health care law. In the meantime,
conservative candidates use Common Core as a symbolic rallying cry.
Tennessee state Rep. Joe Carr, a long-shot primary challenger to
Republican Sen. Lamar Alexander, insists Common Core "is just one more
overreach of a federal government that wants to insert itself into
everything." An Alabama congressional hopeful, Scott Beason, casts
Common Core as liberal indoctrination. In Georgia's crowded Republican
U.S. Senate primary, Rep. Paul Broun declared in a recent debate, "I
want to abolish the Department of Education and get rid of Common Core
forever." His first goal wouldn't necessarily accomplish the second.
The arguments perplex the politicians most responsible for the plan.
Democrat Jack Markell, Delaware's second-term governor, told the
Associated Press that opponents mistakenly equate a coalition from
across the nation with a federal government initiative. Markell
co-chaired NGA's Common Core panel with Republican Sonny Perdue of
Georgia.
Perdue, who left office in 2011, said Common Core actually began as a
pushback against federal influence because of the No Child Left Behind
law, the national education act signed by President George W. Bush.
Perdue said it was "embarrassing" for governors of both parties that
Congress and the White House pushed higher standards before state
leaders.
Perdue attributes the outcry against Common Core to Obama's backing:
"There is enough paranoia coming out of Washington, I can understand how
some people would believe these rumors of a 'federal takeover,' try as
you might to persuade people otherwise. I almost think it was
detrimental ... for the president to endorse it."
Evers, the Hoover Institute fellow who was also a top Education
Department appointee during the Bush administration, says it's unfair to
reduce opponents' concerns to partisanship. He notes insufficient
training for teachers expected to use new teaching methods, and he
criticizes specific components. For example, some math courses are
recommended for later grade levels than in standards already adopted in
leading states like Massachusetts and California.
States move forward, Evers argued, because of competition. "It's by
emulation and rivalry that we have always seen advances in public
education," he said. National standards, he added, "will close the door
on innovation."
Hat tip to Brad.